What is a Chemical Peel?

A chemical peel involves applying a solution to the skin that exfoliates the outermost layers, encouraging new, smoother skin to surface. This process can reduce fine lines, even out skin tone, and improve texture. Peels range from mild to intense and vary in depth, with lighter peels targeting the skin’s surface and deeper peels addressing more complex concerns within the layers below.

The Different Types of Chemical Peels Superficial Peels (Light Peels)

Superficial peels are mild, making them a popular choice for beginners. Using ingredients like alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), such as glycolic or lactic acid, these peels exfoliate the outermost layer of skin. They can help with minor issues like dullness and fine lines and usually involve minimal downtime, with only a day or so of mild flaking.

Medium Peels

Medium peels, like those containing trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or a stronger concentration of glycolic acid, reach deeper into the skin. They are effective for treating hyperpigmentation, acne scars, and moderate sun damage. Medium peels usually involve a bit more downtime—typically about a week—as they create more noticeable peeling and redness.

Deep Peels

Deep peels, often with phenol or higher concentrations of TCA, penetrate the lower layers of the skin, making them powerful for addressing deep wrinkles, significant sun damage, and even precancerous growths. Given their intensity, deep peels require a longer recovery period and are generally performed only once every few years.

Choosing the Right Peel for Your Skin Type and Concerns

For Acne and Acne Scars

If you struggle with acne or acne scars, consider peels containing salicylic acid, an oil-soluble beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that penetrates deep into pores to unclog them. Salicylic acid also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it an excellent choice for acne-prone skin.

For Hyperpigmentation and Dark Spots

Glycolic acid and TCA peels are well-suited for tackling pigmentation issues, as they encourage new cell growth and can fade dark spots over time. Medium peels, in particular, can target deeper pigmentation that may not respond to lighter peels.

For Fine Lines and Wrinkles

Lactic acid peels are gentle yet effective for fine lines, while TCA peels are ideal for deeper wrinkles. A peel combining lactic and glycolic acid can also provide an excellent anti-aging boost by stimulating collagen production, helping the skin look firmer and more youthful.

For Sensitive Skin

Those with sensitive skin should start with a light lactic acid peel. Lactic acid is gentle and naturally hydrating, reducing the risk of irritation while delivering results.

What to Expect During and After a Chemical Peel

After a light peel, you may experience mild redness and flaking that lasts a few days. For medium and deep peels, you might encounter more intense peeling, redness, and potential swelling for up to a week or more. Be sure to follow aftercare instructions carefully—avoid sun exposure, use gentle cleansers, and keep the skin hydrated.